Rules for the execution of "Aviation Chemical Works" on the territory of Ukraine

The rules apply to and are binding on legal entities, regardless of the form of ownership and departmental affiliation, whose activities are related to ensuring the organization and performance of aviation works in agriculture and forestry.

The organization and execution of flights on aviation works in agriculture and forestry is carried out by operators of aviation transport (AT) on the basis of contracts with individuals or legal entities, regardless of the form of ownership.

The basis for drawing up the contract is the customer's application. The application specifies the types of works, their scope and deadlines, the availability of an airstrip (permanent or temporary).

Before the start of "Aviation Chemical Works", a number of organizational measures are carried out, which include the following procedures:

ensuring the airworthiness of the aircraft;
medical certification of aviation personnel;
obtaining (extending the validity period) certificates of aviation specialists;
compulsory insurance;
selection and training of flight and technical personnel;
selection of airstrips for "Aviation Chemical Works", as well as, if necessary, carrying out procedures related to obtaining a permit for their operation;
preparation of aviation and technical property, property and equipment for setting up airstrips for work, loading equipment, personal protective equipment and other special equipment.

The air transport operator must:

have an operator's certificate for the right to carry out aviation activities in Ukraine, issued by the State Aviation Service of Ukraine, a certificate of a maintenance organization or entrust the execution of maintenance to a third-party organization that has a corresponding certificate of a maintenance organization;
to comply with the rules of aircraft flights, as well as the legislation of Ukraine regarding the use of pesticides and agrochemicals, normative legal acts regarding the use of the aviation method of applying pesticides and agrochemicals in the national economy.

The "Aviation Chemical Works" must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the State sanitary rules for the transportation, storage and use of pesticides in the national economy.

Aircraft registered in the state register of civil aircraft of Ukraine are allowed to fly on aviation chemical works on the territory of Ukraine.

Aircraft used in aviation chemical operations must have airworthiness certificates issued by the State Aviation Service of Ukraine.

Before carrying out aviation chemical works, each member of the aircraft crew (aircraft commander, aircraft technician) must obtain a certificate of completion of special training on the safe conduct of work with pesticides and agrochemicals and have a permit for the right to work related to the use of pesticides and agrochemicals.

Planning of aviation chemical works

The operation of the aircraft is organized and carried out according to the plan-schedule agreed upon by the parties.

Production flights on aviation chemical works are carried out on the basis of the task of the customer for the execution of aviation works in agriculture and forestry, signed by the manager and certified by the seal of the organization or legal entity that concluded the contract, as well as the task plan of the executor for the execution of aviation works, which is provided to the crew of the aircraft on the basis of the concluded contract.

Permanent or temporary airstrips are selected and equipped in advance by the customer or aircraft operator in areas where aviation chemical works are planned.

Physical characteristics of airstrips

The surface of the airstrip should be flat, without humps, mounds, pits, ruts, if possible, have turf and not have any obstacles for flights.

Airstrips are allowed to be used for crops of low-growing crops (no more than 0.5 meters in height) (clover crops, other perennial grasses, etc.), which do not require the creation of furrows.

If it is impossible to prepare permanent and temporary runways of the dimensions specified above (complex terrain, etc.) in cases where there are no ravines and other dangerous places at the end and side borders of the runways, it is allowed to reduce the total length and width of the runways.

The commander of the aircraft is responsible for ensuring the organization of work and the execution of flights at the runway selected from the air.

The organization of provision and the procedure for the use of fuel and lubricants during flights on aviation works in agriculture and forestry

Before the start of aviation works, the head of the enterprise:

Allows personnel to work with fuels/lubricants (FL)by order;
Concludes a contract for the supply of fuels/lubricants and carrying out works to determine their quality;
Develops and approves a Technological Map regarding the organization of delivery, preparation and refueling of aircraft fuels/lubricants on the runway of aviation chemical works.
Controls the quality of fuels/lubricants by analyzing samples of fuels/lubricants in laboratories. If fuels/lubricants are stored at the enterprise, quality control is performed once a month.

Directly during the performance of aviation chemical works, the aircraft crew provides:

Compliance with the requirements of the Technological Map regarding the organization of work on the delivery, preparation and refueling of aircraft fuels/lubricants on the runway of aviation chemical works.

Organization of training and admission of flight and technical personnel to perform aviation work in agriculture

The aircraft operator develops and coordinates the aviation personnel training program with the State Aviation Service.
Every year, before the start of aviation chemical works, the command, flight and engineering-technical staff undergo theoretical and practical special training according to the operator's program.

Carrying out flights on aviation works in agriculture

According to the task of the customer for the performance of aviation chemical works, the commander of the aircraft must study in detail the flight area for aviation chemical works, identify the presence of obstacles, plot their location on the plans of land plots and, based on this data, determine the nature of the complexity of processing each plot, make the necessary calculations for the implementation flights.

Aviation chemical works are performed at extremely low altitudes — from 2 to 10 meters. The working height of the flight at the cultivated area is set according to the technology of this type of work, but not lower than 2 meters above the plants and 10 meters above the tops of the trees.

Aviation chemical work can be performed during the entire daylight hours, provided that the ambient temperature does not exceed 22 degrees.

The most favorable meteorological conditions for the performance of aviation chemical works are in the morning before the appearance of updrafts and strengthening of the wind and in the evening from the moment of reduction or termination of the specified weather conditions.

Before the start of each flight day, the aircraft commander is required to calculate the run-up length, take-off distance and flight distance of the aircraft depending on the ambient air temperature, atmospheric pressure, as well as the condition of the runway surface, according to nomograms and corresponding schedules. Depending on the calculated data and dimensions of the runway, determine the take-off weight of the aircraft and outline the take-off stop line.

The commander of the aircraft is responsible for the process of loading the aircraft with chemicals and refueling the aircraft with fuel and lubricants.

The take-off weight of the aircraft must correspond to the calculated take-off weight.

Peculiarities of flights in aviation chemical works

The height of the working flight above the treated area is determined by the technology of this type of work.

Flights are performed at speeds and modes in accordance with the AFM of this type of aircraft and the requirements of the technology of operation.

It is necessary to fly over an obstacle on the approaches to the creation of signals with an excess of at least 10 meters, and over the supports of high-voltage power lines - at least 20 meters.

Flights when processing areas where there are obstacles must be carried out in compliance with the following rules:

a) Flights over areas crossed by air lines of communication and power transmission (if the operating height of the flight is equal to or lower than the height of these obstacles) are allowed:

Along the track from the air side at a distance of at least 50 meters from the edge of the wires at a wind speed of up to 5 m/s and at least 100 meters at a wind speed of 5 m/s to 8 m/s;
Along the track from the leeward side with a wind speed of up to 8 m/s at a distance of at least 50 meters from the outer wires.

b) Flights with the crossing of high-voltage power lines (below 1000 V), communication lines, windbreaks located across the cultivated field, as well as over tall trees and other obstacles, are allowed with an excess over them and resistances of high-voltage power lines of at least 10 meters at a wind speed of up to 4 m/s and at least 20 meters at a wind speed of more than 4 m/s.

When processing the plot and leaving the furrow, it is allowed to cross high-voltage power lines (above 1000 V) with turned off agricultural equipment at a height of less than 50 meters. When flying along high-voltage power lines with a voltage of 750 kV or more, the distance should be increased by 50 meters.

c) Flights along the windbreaks, when they are above the cultivated crops, are allowed at a distance from them:

On the windward side, at least 15 meters at a wind speed of up to 4 m/s and at least 30 meters at a wind speed of more than 4 m/s;
At least 15 meters from the leeward side and with strong headwinds and tailwinds, if the wind speed does not exceed 8 m/s.

The descent of the aircraft to the given flight height is carried out strictly in a straight line.

The first approach of the aircraft to the area being processed should be performed on the basis that the turn to exit the runway did not exceed 90 degrees.

The production flight mode on areas with open approaches is set 200 meters from the boundary of the area being processed.

Agricultural equipment is turned on and off at the beginning and end of the run in such a way that the chemicals fall exactly within the area being treated.

Use of pesticides

Pesticides - are toxic substances, their compounds or mixtures of substances of chemical or biological origin, intended for the destruction, regulation and cessation of the development of harmful organisms, as a result of which activities plants, animals, people are affected and damage is caused to material values, as well as rodents, weeds, tree, shrub vegetation, littering species of fish.

Note: Mineral fertilizers are inorganic compounds that contain nutrients needed by plants. Mineral fertilizers do not belong to pesticides (see Table 2), therefore they are not covered by the sanitary protection zones of processing areas.

Only those pesticides and agrochemicals that have passed state registration and are included in the "List of drugs approved for aviation use in Ukraine" can be applied by aviation method.

Responsibility for compliance with the requirements of sanitary rules and regulations in the aviation application of pesticides rests with the customer of aviation works and the owner of aircraft.

Three days before the beginning of aerial processing, the customer of the works must take precautionary measures in accordance with the requirements of ДСП 382-96 (State sanitary rules for aerial application of pesticides and agrochemicals in the national economy of Ukraine).

When applying pesticides with the help of aviation, it is necessary to strictly maintain the sanitary and protective zones defined by ДСП 382-96 from the areas of aerochemical treatments to other objects (populations, livestock and poultry farms, sources of water supply, etc.).

Work on areas treated with pesticides

During the day, it is forbidden to carry out manual work on the areas bordering the cultivated fields. At the same time, the sanitary gap zone should be 1,000 meters (taking into account the wind).

Application in forestry

When processing forests with pesticides with the help of aviation, it is necessary to observe sanitary protection zones up to: sources of economic and drinking water supply and settlements — 1,000 meters, fishing ponds, health facilities and settlements (health camps and rest houses) — 2,000 meters, fields with sensitive to of herbicides by agricultural crops — 3,000 meters, fields with agricultural crops — 1,000 meters.

Aerial chemical treatments are prohibited on areas located closer than 1 km from a residential area. Such areas are cultivated with the help of ground machinery.

Aviation application of pesticides by dusting is prohibited.

When processing, sanitary and protective zones are established from the borders of the processed areas to water sources, with the aerial method - 1000 m (at least 2000 m to fishing ponds).

In the event of a violation of the regulations for the use of pesticides by the aviation method, which resulted in damage to plants, bees, poisoning of people or animals, the commander of the aircraft crew immediately informs the management, the administration of the district where aviation chemical work was performed, and prepares a report on the event for the purpose of its further investigation.

Agricultural producers who use plant protection products for the treatment of honey plants are obliged to:

Not later than 3 days before the start of processing, beekeepers whose apiaries are located at a distance of up to 10 kilometers from the processing areas should be notified through mass media. At the same time, the date of processing, the name of the drug, the degree and duration of the toxicity of the drug are reported (see Articles 30 and 37 of the Law of Ukraine "On Beekeeping").
Inform the owners of apiaries 3 days before chemical spraying with an indication of the applied plant protection agent regarding the place (within a radius of 7 km), time and method of processing, the time of isolation of bees is indicated (terms of isolation of bee colonies may increase by 1-2 days when the temperature drops and increases air humidity). Treatments are carried out during the absence of bee flight in the morning or evening hours. It is allowed to carry out processing during daytime hours on cloudy, cool days with an air temperature below +10C. Given the toxicity of all pesticides to bees, spraying of honey-bearing crops should be carried out in the budding phase before flowering. (see Clause 7 of the Instructions on prevention and elimination of diseases and poisoning of bees, approved by order of the Chief State Inspector of Veterinary Medicine dated 30.01.2001 No. 9).
Aviation application is prohibited with pesticides of all toxicity groups for the purpose of combating pests and diseases of agricultural crops, forest and other lands that are located closer (see Subpoint 5.26 of paragraph 5 of ДСП 382-96, approved by the order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine dated 18.12.1996 No. 382):

a) 5 km from the permanent location of honey apiaries;

Note:

Stationary apiary - an apiary, in the yard of which bee families are constantly present (for mandatory registration and certification of such apiaries, see Article 18 of the Law of Ukraine "On the Development of the Beekeeping Industry, Protection, Protection and Preservation of Bees");
In the case of interaction with nomadic apiaries, there is also a notification procedure: the owner of the apiary (or a person authorized by him) is obliged to notify the local self-government bodies of the new location of the nomadic apiary in advance, but not less than three days before such a move (Article 23 of the Law of Ukraine "On the development of the beekeeping industry, protection, protection and preservation of bees").
In any case, the owner of the apiary must register it, have an appropriate passport for it and notify the local self-government bodies in advance of its location and the planned places of temporary relocation, which in turn gives us a guaranteed opportunity to freely and positively cooperate with beekeepers.
When the customer of aviation chemical works fulfills the requirements of section 5, ДСП 382-96 - the owner of the apiary has a legal need to take the apiary to another place of honey collection, at a distance of more than 5 km from the place of aviation processing for a period of up to 5 days (see clause 5.2).

b) 2 km from fishing reservoirs, open sources of water supply, grazing grounds for domestic animals, objects of nature reserves (reserves, national parks, botanical and zoological reserves, etc.)

c) 1 km from settlements, livestock and poultry farms, as well as crops of agricultural crops that are eaten without heat treatment, gardens, vineyards and places of other agricultural work.

To prevent the wear of pesticides by aerial method, chemical treatment of plants is carried out at a wind speed of 3 m/s (for fine-droplet spraying) and 4 m/s (for large-droplet spraying), when using an aerosol, the wind speed should not exceed 2 m/s. During aerial processing, the working height above the object should be at least 3 m.
See Subitem 6.2.15., 6.3.1. 6.1.7., 6.2.11., 6.3.4., 6.2.7., 6.1.4., 3.1. State sanitary rules "Transportation, storage and use of pesticides in the national economy" DSP 8.8.1.2.001-98, approved by the order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine dated 03.08.1998 No. 1:

а) At least 2 days before the start of each chemical treatment, the farm administration notifies the population, owners of adjacent agricultural lands and objects about the places, times and methods of pesticide application. During the period of work, warning signs must be installed within a radius of 200 meters from the borders of the treated areas.

b) All work with pesticides and poisoned seed material must be registered in special journals according to the order for work with pesticides and agrochemicals. Use proper personal protective equipment for everyone working with pesticides and agrochemicals.

c) Agricultural and forest lands planned for aviation processing must be entered on maps-schemes of forest land use.

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